Science can make robots virtually indestructible, omniscient and powerful. Daily human preoccupation and toil will rarely need such robotic qualities. Robots of today are used in various purposes and undesirability is nowhere in that level. Powerful may be correct as most are AI-based or have inferential engines to assist in decision making processes while many others are powerfully built in factories and science labs dealing with toxic substances or adverse conditions that pose physical hazards to the frail human body, but hardly omniscient. Interactivity Robotic contraptions work on programmed instructions that depend on its interaction with external stimulus. Sensory perceptions become their means for data input employing electrodes that give them the tactile sensory ability to determine size, form, shape, temperatures and consistencies of substances. Tiny cameras can give them visual acuity while microphones impart aural sensitivity to recognize speech patterns in spoken commands. But interactivity won’t be complete with a response these stimuli. The most common is in performing tasks specific to their purpose like those assembly robots in manufacturing plants. Some experimental robots do have speech capability but the more mundane robotic application just mimics the same I/O interfaces of computers like printers and displays. Manipulation and Mobility Being able to recognize objects, pick them up, handle, process and deliver them is another major trait of robotic contractions. Mechanical hand-like servo-controlled grippers from simple tong-like structures , vacuum-suction grippers to more complex gripping devices are essential in many robotic applications that require handling of objects for assembly and processing. Locomotion Short of saying mobility, current robots have restricted movements and most robotic applications in manufacturing plants are stationary. But there are robots that move on motorized wheels with rudimentary GPS-like direction finding facility to move around and deliver things that humans may consider menial. Sophisticated hospitals employ such robots to deliver medication to patients in every floor and can interface with computer-controlled elevators to bring them to different floors in the building as needed. Other modes of locomotion include flight extensively used in the military service like the unmanned RQ-4 Global Hawk drone aircraft used for enemy surveillance and bombing missions which serve the same purpose as targeting missiles but are able to return after their missions are done. They fall in the category of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles or UAV which are basically like your remote controlled toys but have significantly longer control ranges. Autonomy and Control What puts robotic application at a higher plane than mere computers is its cognitive abilities to have near-autonomy to execute tasks based on immediate input with little or no human intervention. In short, they can act on their own guided only by the programmed directives that focus robots to specific tasks. Hence, robotics in hospitals are expected to deliver medication in the room and floor it is tasked to do but will refrain form doing it if there are no attending nurses in the room. Robots in warfare can be expected to bomb their targets but not adjacent non combative areas. Even in complex assembly plants, robots have complete autonomy to work within the parameters defined for their tasks. GP

Facial toning is defined as a cosmetic procedure that increases muscle tone in the face. The results are an increased facial volume and reduced wrinkles, expression marks and sagging in the face. There are two ways in which facial toning can be achieved, either through active exercise or passive exercise. Active exercising consists of a person performing repetitious, voluntary contractions of specific muscle groups in the face. With the use of a mirror a person is able to look at their face and target certain muscles to exercise. Passive exercising consists of using electro-stimulation to the skeletal muscles in the face. By using metal electrodes covered in conductive gel, the electrodes are placed on the specific muscle groups in the face. When the small waves of electricity are sent into the muscle groups it causes stimulation and contractions of the muscles.Loose and saggy skin on the neck and under the chin is a common problem. It may appear after weight loss, or is simply inherited in out genetics and appears as we get older. Cosmetic surgery is one solution, but can takes weeks for full recovery. Alternative treatments include neck firming cream, neck exercises, and electronic stimulation of muscles to tone the neck area and lift sagging skin.Here are some simple exercises that you can use to dispose of chin fat and tone the muscles of your jaw and upper throat:* It’s true that liposuction removes chin fat, but it is an invasive surgery. There is the risk of being left with physical damage or an uneven or lumpy appearance under the chin, because liposuction is not a precise art. Before undergoing liposuction, you should also consider the cost and the fact that although some of the fat is gone, without a weight loss or maintenance diet and sufficient exercise, your body will still store fat under your chin, and you’ll end up with a new double chin.* By losing weight, performing aerobic exercise, and strengthening the muscles under your chin and your jaw you will lose the extra baggage your body carries, including your double chin!* While sitting or standing, tilt your head towards the ceiling, keeping your lips naturally closed, but not clamped shut. Begin a chewing movement. Repeat this exercise twenty times-make sure you can feel the muscles moving.* Sit upright. Then tilt your head so that you are looking up at the ceiling. Until now, your lips should have been together, without being forced shut. Now bring your lower lip over your upper lip as far as you can. Hold this position for a count of five. Return to the normal position. Repeat the exercise ten times.* While sitting or standing, gently turn your head to the left, keeping your chin steady, until you feel your muscles stretched. Hold this position for a count of five. Then move your head gently to the right, again until you feel a stretching sensation, and hold for a count of five. Repeat the exercise thrice.Facial exercises specifically designed to firm and tighten the skin on the neck and throat can really improve the appearance of your neck. For maximum results, dedicate 10 to 15 minutes every day for a month for completing your exercises. After this time, you may reduce to exercising the facial muscles 3 or 4 times a day.

Electrotherapy, is a medical treatment that uses an electrical current to treat pain, muscle loss or weakness, and depression. Although the idea of being treated using electricity might sound a little strange (electroshock is not a word that has nice connotations for most people) the truth is that electricity has been used to treat these types of symptoms for a very long time. In actuality, electricity is one of the safest, most effective ways to treat pain and other types of illness. Because it is not a drug and leaves no traces in the system, is has very few side effects.


The History of Electrotherapy


In the year 1855 Guillaume DuChenne, (he would later be known as the father of modern electrotherapy), took as evidence that muscle contractions took place upon electric stimulation, and concluded that this type of shock was a way to act upon the nervous system– for good and for bad, it was discovered.


Electrotherapy has never had a really good reputation. Even now, when studies show that electrotherapy can have a positive influence on the nervous system and help to build muscle, there are lots of “quacks” and cheat products on the market to trick desperate people out of their money. This makes it difficult to find legitimate information about how well electrotherapy works.


Kinds of Electrotherapy


How is this kind of therapy supposed to work? In general, electrotherapy delivers a small, pulsating current to the muscles and nerve endings. This electrical current will cause the muscles to contract and relax, contract and relax. After time, repeated stimulations cause the muscles to strengthen and relax– reducing pain.


There are several kind of electrotherapy used today. The most common is Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulators, or TENS. TENS machines can be purchased and used at home (generally for back or other muscular pain), which allows the user to treat the problem at his or her convenience. The frequency of the electrical signal is also adjustable, allowing patients to decide on the length and intensity of the treatment itself. With TENS treatment, higher frequency signal can be withstood for hours, as it causes little discomfort. However, high-frequency TENS treatment lasts relatively little time. Low-frequency TENS treatment is more uncomfortable, and can generally be endured for only 20-30 minutes. Its effects, however, last significantly longer.


Another kind of electrotherapy is called Interferential current (IFC) and is essentially a deeper form of TENS. It allows the current to penetrate the skin more deeply than a TENS treatment– it also gives the user less discomfort for a higher level of stimulation. The last common kind of electrotherapy is Galvanic Stimulation (GS). GS is most useful in treating acute injuries accompanied with bleeding or swelling. Unlike TENS or IFC, which apply an alternating current, GS units apply direct current to the area, and can be used to stop swelling or speed healing.